Nov 13, Thursday
2. Class notes:
- 100 years = century
- 1800s = 18th century / read as eighteen hundred
- vote for somebody: I voted for John as the monitor.
- vote on something: We voted on the writing topic in class.
- on the farm; in the barn : The sheep live on the farm. (not in the farm)
- fly / flew / flown (not flied)
3. Subject verb agreement for present perfect tense:
have + pp vs has + pp
Example: I have / John and Mary have / The children have + already finished their homework.
Example: One of the boys has just broken the window.
have + pp vs has + pp
Example: I have / John and Mary have / The children have + already finished their homework.
Example: One of the boys has just broken the window.
4. Adjective vs adverb:
Adjective (Adj.)
An adjective describes a noun (a person, place, or thing). It answers What kind? Which one? How many? It usually comes before a noun (a blue pen) or after be/look/feel (The pen is blue). Common adjective endings are -y, -ful, -less, -ous, -able/-ible, and comparing forms -er/-est (big, bigger, biggest).
An adjective describes a noun (a person, place, or thing). It answers What kind? Which one? How many? It usually comes before a noun (a blue pen) or after be/look/feel (The pen is blue). Common adjective endings are -y, -ful, -less, -ous, -able/-ible, and comparing forms -er/-est (big, bigger, biggest).
Quick check: Can it go before a noun? If yes, it’s probably an adjective.
Watch out: friendly, lovely end in -ly but they are adjectives (a friendly dog).
Adverb (Adv.)
An adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. It answers How? When? Where? How often? How much? Many adverbs end in -ly (run quickly, speak politely). Adverbs often go after the verb (She sings beautifully), at the beginning or end for time/place (We play today. We play outside.), or before adjectives/adverbs to show degree (very tall, very quickly).
An adverb describes a verb, an adjective, or another adverb. It answers How? When? Where? How often? How much? Many adverbs end in -ly (run quickly, speak politely). Adverbs often go after the verb (She sings beautifully), at the beginning or end for time/place (We play today. We play outside.), or before adjectives/adverbs to show degree (very tall, very quickly).
Quick check: Does it tell how/when/where/how often about the action? Then it’s an adverb.
Watch out: fast, hard can be adverbs without -ly, and well is an adverb (She sings well).
Adverbs of Frequency (100% → 0%)
always (100%)
usually / normally (about 90%)
often / frequently / regularly (70–80%)
sometimes (about 50%)
occasionally (30–40%)
seldom / rarely (10–20%)
hardly ever / almost never (1–5%)
never (0%)
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