1. Common genre and author's purpose

	what will you see?	author’s purpose
a fable	animals that can talk or act as humans	to teach a moral/lesson
a realistic fiction	things that can happen in real life	to entertain the readers
an informational text	facts and information about something	to inform the reader about something
a legend	story of a hero or an old event	to explain why something happens
a biography	story of a famous person written by another person	to inspire readers to achieve something
An autobiography	story of a famous person written by that person himself/ herself	to inspire readers to achieve something

2. Class note: PERFECT TENSE

It tells us something is already done.

Two kinds we use:

Present Perfect (have/has + P.P. (past particple)): already done before now and it matters now.

Example: I have finished my homework. (At this moment when I talk, it is completed.)

Example: I had finished my homework before dinner.

Time words: already, just, yet, ever, never, today, this week.

Sentence patterns:

Example: I have finished my homework.

This is the biggest stone I have ever seen.

Example: She has just eaten lunch.

Negative: I haven’t finished. He hasn’t started yet.

I have never been to Japan before.

Question: Have you done it yet? Has she ever visited the museum?

2. Part of speech & suffixes

Common Suffixes to Identify Part of Speech (Grade 3 A1)

Big idea: A suffix is letters at the end of a word. It helps you guess the part of speech.

1) Suffix Chart — Nouns / Verbs / Adjectives / Adverbs

Part of Speech	Suffix / Ending	Meaning / Use	Examples	Notes
Noun	-er / -or	a person who does something	teacher, actor
Noun	-tion / -sion	an action or idea	action, decision
Noun	-ment	a thing or idea	movement, agreement
Noun	-ness	a state or quality	kindness, darkness
Noun	-ity	a state or quality	activity, reality
Noun	Plural -s / -es	more than one	cats, boxes	add -es after s/x/ch/sh/o
Verb	-ed	past action	played, visited	regular past
Verb	-ing	happening now / continuous	playing, running	double last consonant sometimes: run→running
Adjective	-y	has the quality	rainy, sunny
Adjective	-ful	full of	helpful, careful
Adjective	-less	without	useless, careless
Adjective	-ous	full of / having	famous, nervous
Adjective	-able / -ible	can be	washable, possible
Adjective	-er / -est	comparing	bigger, biggest
Adverb	-ly	how something happens	quickly, slowly, carefully

Ending	Why it's tricky	Examples	Tip to check
-ly	Adjective in some words	friendly, lovely	If it goes before a noun (a friendly dog), it's an adjective.
-er	Noun (person) OR comparing adjective	teacher; taller	Use the sentence to check the job.
-s	Plural noun OR verb (he/she/it)	dogs; he runs	Look at the subject/time to decide.
-ing / -ed	Adjectives too	a boring book; a closed door	They can describe nouns.
-en	Past participle adjective (more advanced)	broken, eaten	Useful to recognize, not A1 required.

Part of Speech	Quick Test	Example
Noun	Can I put a/the before it?	the agreement
Verb	Can I put to before it?	to play
Adjective	Can it go before a noun? Does it need a be verb?	a helpful friend he is helpful.
Adverb	Does it tell how/when/where?	runs quickly / today / here / fast